城市建成环境对居民体力活动的影响 ——以福州市的经验研究为例   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

张延吉  陈小辉  赵立珍  马妍 《地理科学》2019,39(5):779-787

利用福州中心城区的社会调查、POI、道路网、用地性质等数据,在社区尺度探究城市建成环境对居民休闲型中高强度体力活动的影响。研究发现：① 低密度土地利用与体力活动时长呈正向关联,功能单一和邻近主干道则对体力活动起到抑制作用。② 体力活动目的地对不同人群具有差异化影响,体育用地和付费运动场所仅能促进中高阶层和中高收入者的体力活动,而周边公共运动设施的丰富程度更具普适性意义。③ 通过纳入运动偏好和单独分析保障房、单位大院及房改房住户达到规避居住自选择的目的,证明上述建成环境特征对体力活动的影响是独立且稳健的。  相似文献   

“一带一路”成员国居民健康状况的时空统计分析     

郭文杰  秦昆  毛宗福  王一喆  汪瑶  许刚  马露 《地球信息科学学报》2020,22(5):1133-1141

健康是影响不同国家和地区发展的关键因素,全面了解“一带一路”成员国的居民健康状况,是探讨“一带一路”成员国之间健康医疗合作的重要基础。本文选择了4个代表性的健康状况指标（出生期望寿命、总生育率、过早非传染性疾病死亡率和结核病发病率）,利用Moran's I指数、Getis-Ord G指数对“一带一路”135个成员国的健康状况进行时空统计,分析了健康状况的空间相关性和空间分布模式,研究了健康状况的时空格局。研究发现：① 2000—2016年“一带一路”大部分成员国的各项健康状况指标均朝着改善和优化方向发展;健康状况指标均呈现显著的正空间自相关性;② 总体而言,在“一带一路”成员国中,欧洲国家的居民健康状况最好;南北美洲和大洋洲国家的居民健康状况良好;亚洲国家的居民健康状况总体良好,但东南亚部分国家的结核病发病率较高;非洲国家的居民健康状况虽有明显改善,但仍处于较低状态。因此,“一带一路”成员国应进一步加强健康医疗合作,共同推动健康丝绸之路的发展。  相似文献   

土壤—作物系统中硒的地球化学特征及影响因素研究(代序2)          下载免费PDF全文

唐沫岚  范博伦  姚凌阳  安子怡  鲍征宇 《贵州地质》2020,37(4):417-424

采用绿色高效的工艺方法实现有色金属工业废水中金属污染物的高效分离和水质净化具有重要的科学意义和工程应用价值。本研究首先对我国有色金属工业废水的排放特征、来源与危害进行了分析；其次对有色金属工业废水的各类常见处理方法的原理、应用、优缺点进行了归纳总结；最后重点研究了离子沉淀浮选法的原理、起源、发展现状等，分析总结了离子沉淀浮选法应用于Cu2+、Pb2+、Zn2+有色金属工业废水中金属污染物脱除和水质净化分离的优势，在金属污染物的选择性富集、分离效率和工艺设备操作易用性方面具有显著优势。因此，对于有色金属工业废水的净化处理而言，离子浮选工艺有着很好的应用前景。  相似文献   

马达加斯加石墨矿地质特征及其成因分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

马金虎 《地质与勘探》2020,56(4):878-888

马达加斯加石墨矿资源丰富,找矿潜力大。对马达加斯加东部及西南部3个典型石墨矿床进行综合对比研究,发现其石墨矿成因类型为区域变质型,矿石工业类型以大鳞片晶质石墨为主,自然类型可分为片岩型、片麻岩型及变粒岩型,石墨矿赋矿地层为Graphite岩系。对含矿岩石进行主量元素分析,认为其原岩为富含有机质、富铝的砂质、粉砂质、泥质沉积碎屑岩;形成环境为活动大陆边缘区域和大陆岛弧区域。马达加斯加石墨矿床的形成均经历了多次变质作用,富含有机质岩石主要通过区域变质作用形成晶质石墨矿床,并在混合岩化及深层次韧性剪切作用下进一步富集成矿。  相似文献   

典型喀斯特城市的热岛时空变化及其成因分析     

陈炫炽  陈蓉  廖瑶  吴愈锋  王跃跃 《测绘通报》2019,(11):93-97

利用1989、2003、2018年的Landsat影像对安顺市西秀区的地表温度进行反演，分析研究区在30年发展中的热岛时空变化及其成因。使用基于影像的反演算法，结合分类回归树算法进行地表温度的反演，用气象站数据对反演结果进行精度验证，并建立缓冲区对研究区进行相关性分析等定量分析。结果表明：研究区受喀斯特地貌的影响，除主城区外，郊区也存在大量高温区；近30年研究区热效应与不透水面、绿地的面积有极显著相关；1989-2003年研究区城市热岛面积随城市扩张逐渐增大，但2018年主城区城市热岛现象几乎完全消失，排除气象因素和城市形态因子影响的可能后，发现这与安顺市城市绿化的大力进行有密切关系。  相似文献   

Dynamic responses of unsaturated half‐space soil to a moving harmonic rectangular load          下载免费PDF全文

Zheng Lu  Ran Fang  Hailin Yao  Cheng Dong  Shaohua Xian 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2018,42(9):1057-1077

The problem of the dynamic responses of a semi‐infinite unsaturated poroelastic medium subjected to a moving rectangular load is investigated analytical/numerically. The dynamic governing equations are obtained with consideration of the compressibility of solid grain and pore fluid, inertial coupling, and viscous drag as well as capillary pressure in the unsaturated soil, and they can be easily degraded to the complete Biot's theory. Using the Fourier transform, the general solution for the equations is derived in the transformed domain, and then a corresponding boundary value problem is formulated. By introducing fast Fourier transform algorithm, the unsaturated soil vertical displacements, effective stresses, and pore pressures induced by moving load are computed, and some of the calculated results are compared with those for the degenerated solution of saturated soils and confirmed. The influences of the saturation, the load speed, and excitation frequency on the response of the unsaturated half‐space soil are investigated. The numerical results reveal that the effects of these parameters on the dynamic response of the unsaturated soil are significant.  相似文献   

Determination of coseismic frictional properties on the megathrust during the 2012 M7.6 Nicoya earthquake     

Suli Yao  Hongfeng Yang 《《地质学报》英文版》2018,92(Z1):268-268

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桑沟湾沉积碳库年汇入速率的长期变化及其区域性差异   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

刘赛  杨庶  杨茜  孙耀 《海洋学报》2018,40(1):47-56

对取自桑沟湾北西南三根柱样近200 a碳来源及埋藏通量的解析，分析了湾内不同站位各形态碳的差异性，进而对全湾碳埋藏进行了估算。湾内环流、贝藻养殖等造成湾内不同区域碳埋藏的差异；桑沟湾总碳（TC）平均量1.79%，有机碳（TOC）平均量0.54%，无机碳（TIC）平均量1.25%，TOC含量相对较小，为海陆混合来源，以陆源有机碳（C_t）为主，大规模人工养殖后，海源有机碳（C_a）有明显增加的趋势。桑沟湾碳埋藏通量平均为228.9 g/（m2·a），以无机碳为主要埋藏形式（约占70%），高的沉积速率及生物残骸沉降使桑沟湾养殖区碳的来源及埋藏区别于其他陆架海域。  相似文献   

Hydroacoustic estimates of fish biomass and spatial distributions in shallow lakes     

连玉喜  黄耿  Ma?gorzata GODLEWSKA  蔡杏伟  李昌  叶少文  刘家寿  李钟杰 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2018,36(2):587-597

We conducted acoustical surveys with a horizontal beam transducer to detect fish and with a vertical beam transducer to detect depth and macrophytes in two typical shallow lakes along the middle and lower reaches of the Changjiang(Yangtze) River in November 2013. Both lakes are subject to active fish management with annual stocking and removal of large fish. The purpose of the study was to compare hydroacoustic horizontal beam estimates with fish landings. The preliminary results show that the fish distribution patterns dif fered in the two lakes and were af fected by water depth and macrophyte coverage. The hydroacoustically estimated fish biomass matched the commercial catch very well in Niushan Lake, but it was two times higher in Kuilei Lake. However, acoustic estimates included all fish, whereas the catch included only fish 45 cm(smaller ones were released). We were unable to determine the proper regression between acoustic target strength and fish length for the dominant fish species in the two lakes.  相似文献   

Evolution Characteristics of Government-Industry-University-Research Cooperative Innovation Network for China’s Agriculture and Influencing Factors: Illustrated According to Agricultural Patent Case   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Erling Li  Fei Yao  Jiaxin Xi  Chunyang Guo 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2018,28(1):137-152

Under the special background of China, the cooperative innovation between different government-industry-university-research institutes plays an increasingly important role in the agricultural field. However, the existing literature has paid little attention to it. Considering the cooperation patents, published in the agriculture field stemming from the Full-text Database of China Patents as the study object, the spatial and institutional attribute of the authors as the data source, and by combining the social network and spatial econometrics analysis, this paper analyzes the structure evolution characteristics of cooperative innovation networks of agricultural government-industry-university-research institute in the city level of China in 1985–2014, based on the triple helix theory, with the influence factors discussed. This shows that, 1) since 1985, China's agricultural innovation level has been substantially increased, but the development degree of the cooperative innovation network is low, and the patent cooperation mainly relies on authors in the same unit; 2) enterprises play a leading role in the agricultural cooperative innovation. The effect of the government and hybrid organizations driven by the government is not obvious; 3) the cooperative innovation in the province and city dominates, and a multi-pole pattern has been formed. The cooperative innovation network structure evolves from a single helix empty core and double helix multi core to a double helix hierarchical network; 4) the city's science, education funding and personnel investment are key factors determining the agricultural cooperative innovation, while the agricultural development of the city presents slight negative impacts on it. The spatial mismatch of supply and demand is present in the technical cooperative innovation of China's agriculture. Therefore, the science enhancement and education investment to big agricultural provinces should be promptly implemented.  相似文献